Carbon Nanotube is a unique form of carbon, configurationally equivalent to a two-dimensional graphene sheet rolled into a tube. In the ideal case, a CNT consists of either one cylindrical graphene sheet. Single walled carbon nanotubes or several nested cylinders with an inter layer spacing of 0.34-0.36nm that is similar to the typical interspacing of turbostratic graphite multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

SWNTs can be either semiconducting or metallic-like depending on their diameter and chirality, whereas MWNTs show semimetallic behavior. Several synthesis methods have been used to produce  carbon nanotubes. The three most commonly used methods are based on the arc, laser and chemical vapor deposition  techniques. An excellent review coverning the synthesis of CNTs can be found in Sinnott and Andrews.

Since the pioneering work in the 1990s,regarding the utilization of CNTs as a field emission source, carbon nanotubes have drawn much attention to the application of field emitters in FED. Owing to their geometric structure, diameters down to 10A and lengths up to several millimeters resutling in an extremely high aspect ratio, greater than 10000, nanotubes have been recognized as very promising field emitting structures which can enhance the local electric field at the emitter surface to a great extent.

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