In recent years, the coating industry is increasingly pursuing the application of nanotechnology, committed to improving the performance of coatings or giving them special functions. As a new generation of functional materials, coating develops towards the direction of wide frequency, high attenuation, long life, low cost and easy construction. Carbon nanotubes have become a new type of electromagnetic absorbent due to their special small size effect, surface effect and quantum effect, which makes it possible to develop wide-band, lightweight and highly absorbent materials. The addition of nanomaterials in the coating can greatly improve its cohesitivity, impact resistance, flexibility, aging resistance, corrosion resistance and other traditional properties, in addition, can also be adjusted according to the needs of the coating self-cleaning, anti-static, wave absorbing stealth and other functions.
Carbon nanotubes have very high mechanical strength, adsorption capacity and good electrical conductivity. When applied in the field of coating, carbon nanotubes can not only have high traditional coating properties, but also bring new functions to the coating. Therefore, carbon nanotubes are considered as a coating nanomaterial with great development potential.
Application of carbon nanotubes in coatings
1. Electrostatic conductive coating
Conductive coating is a kind of functional coating with the ability to conduct electrons and exclude accumulated charge. It is widely used in aerospace, electronics, petrochemical and some other fields.
In many conductive coating types, the common conductive fillers are silver powder, nickel powder, copper powder,etc,and carbon black, graphite, carbon fiber and other carbon structure conductive filler. Among them, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon structure filler has better electrical conductivity. Due to its light weight and low density, it is not easy to precipitate in coatings, so it has received more and more attention in the field of conductive coatings.
2. Composite coating for electromagnetic shielding
Similar to conductive coatings, in the electromagnetic shielding coating system, a certain amount of carbon nanotubes can be added to make the coating show electromagnetic shielding effects, which can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference after use.
It is found that by increasing the amount of carbon nanotubes in the electromagnetic shielding coating, the shielding ability of the coating can be gradually enhanced. With the same amount added, the smaller the diameter of carbon nanotubes, the more likely it is to contact each other during the formation of power grid chain, which is conducive to the formation of a good conductive network. Therefore, the shielding efficiency of coatings is enhanced with the decrease of the diameter of carbon nanotubes.
3. Stealthy absorbing paint
Stealth absorbing coating is an important breakthrough in modern stealth technology, widely used in aircraft, radar equipment fields.
This kind of coating is mainly composed of binder and absorbent. Binder is the main film forming substance. The electromagnetic parameters of absorbent greatly affect the absorbing performance of coating. As an absorber, carbon nanotubes show good absorption characteristics, and the wave-absorbing coatings prepared by carbon nanotubes also have superior mechanical properties, which is the key research material in the field of stealth-absorbing coatings.
The development of coating industry is increasingly focusing on product performance, function and ecology. The physical and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes not only meet the needs of coating performance, but also meet the requirements of environmental protection. It is an ideal pollution-free environmental protection material.
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